resource-development

Obtain Capabilities

Obtain Capabilities: Tool

Stage Capabilities

Stage Capabilities: Upload Malware


Stage Capabilities: Upload Tool

initial-access

Exploit Public-Facing Application

Supply Chain Compromise

Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools

Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Supply Chain

Phishing

Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment

defense-evasion

Query Registry

Obfuscated Files or Information

Obfuscated Files or Information: Steganography

Obfuscated Files or Information: Compile After Delivery

Process Injection

Process Injection: Portable Executable Injection

Indicator Removal on Host

Modify Registry

Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

Signed Binary Proxy Execution

Signed Binary Proxy Execution: Mshta

File and Directory Permissions Modification

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Bypass User Account Control 


Subvert Trust Controls

Subvert Trust Controls: Mark-of-the-Web Bypass

Impair Defenses

Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools

Disable Windows Event Logging

Hijack Execution Flow

Hijack Execution Flow: DLL Side-Loading

command-and-control

Application Layer Protocol

Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

Web Service

Web Service: Bidirectional Communication

Multi-Stage Channels

Ingress Tool Transfer

Traffic Signaling

Traffic Signaling: Port Knocking

Remote Access Software

discovery

System Service Discovery

System Network Configuration Discovery

Remote System Discovery

System Owner/User Discovery

Network Service Scanning

Windows Management Instrumentation

System Network Connections Discovery

Process Discovery

Permission Groups Discovery

Data Staged

Data Staged: Local Data Staging

System Information Discovery

File and Directory Discovery

Account Discovery

Account Discovery: Domain Account

Network Share Discovery

Domain Trust Discovery

Software Discovery

Cloud Infrastructure Discovery

Container and Resource Discovery

System Location Discovery

collection

Data from Local System

Input Capture

Input Capture: Keylogging

Screen Capture

Email Collection

Email Collection: Local Email Collection

Video Capture

Archive via Custom Method

persistence

Scheduled Task/Job

Scheduled Task/Job: Cron

Create Account

Create Account: Local Account

Create or Modify System Process

Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent

Event Triggered Execution

Event Triggered Execution: Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription

Event Triggered Execution: Unix Shell Configuration Modification

Event Triggered Execution: Netsh Helper DLL

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Security Support Provider 


Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Shortcut Modification

Compromise Client Software Binary

credential-access

CISA-AA22-216A

OS Credential Dumping: DCSync

Unsecured Credentials

Unsecured Credentials: Private Keys


Unsecured Credentials: Group Policy Preferences

Credentials from Password Stores

Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets

Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets: Kerberoasting

Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets: AS-REP Roasting

privilege-escalation

Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Setuid and Setgid

Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Elevated Execution with Prompt

Escape to Host

lateral-movement

Remote Services

Remote Services: SMB/Windows Admin Shares

Remote Services: SSH


Exploitation of Remote Services

Use Alternate Authentication Material

Lateral Tool Transfer

execution

Scheduled Task/Job: Cron 


Command and Scripting Interpreter

Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell

Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python

Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript

Native API

User Execution

User Execution: Malicious File

Execution Guardrails

Hijack Execution Flow: Dylib Hijacking

exfiltration

Transfer Data to Cloud Account

Archive Collected Data

Exfiltration Over Web Service

Exfiltration Over Web Service: Exfiltration to Cloud Storage

impact

Audio Capture

Data Destruction

Data Encrypted for Impact

Service Stop

Inhibit System Recovery

Defacement

Defacement: Internal Defacement

Resource Hijacking

System Shutdown/Reboot

Disk Wipe

Disk Wipe: Disk Structure Wipe

This chain will stage a RestrictedAdmin binary from Operator and use it to enumerate and adjust the Restricted Admin mode.


Is my host protected against RestrictedAdmin?

This chain will stage a Seatbelt binary from Operator and use it to enumerate the local system's antivirus, UAC policy, and PowerShell logs for sensitive information.


Is my host protected against Seatbelt?

Create a new process in a suspended state and overwrite the `ntdll.dll` from the current process to unhook it. After `ntdll` is unhooked, the shellcode is executed to spawn `calc.exe`.


API unhooking via Perun's Fart

This TTP will launch a notepad process and then inject shellcode into it. When the shellcode is executed, it will launch a new calc.exe process and crash notepad.


Process injection via CreateRemoteThread

This TTP was designed to emulate Remcos' execution and persistence capabilities. This TTP downloads Remcos via an ISO, using Wscript to execute a benign binary. The TTP then creates a log file to emulate browser artifact deletion and modifies the Registry with artifacts specific to Remcos.


Are Remcos RAT procedures mitigated on this host?

A chain that bypasses Mark of the Web (MOTW) by using PackMyPayload to create an ISO.  The ISO contains a decoy PDF and a malicious executable (a Sliver agent) that when extracted will not contain MOTW.  When executed, the Sliver agent will receive a queued instruction from Operator.  Similar trust control bypass behaviour was observed in APT38 when targeting the pharmaceutical industry; ISOs were shared with decoy PDFs and backdoored PDF readers to stage malware.


APT38 Pharmaceutical Attacks

Iron Viking/Sandworm Team were able to deploy a worm that spread across the Ukranian critical 
infrastructure. This worm had a sole goal of wiping these machines. It didn't make it far
due to it's spreading method. However it is very powerful in nature.


GTsST Iron Viking AWFULSHRED


Download and execute a packed Master Boot Record (MBR) wiper.


APT38 DarkSeoul

Demonstrates a shellcode injection technique followed by several native API execution techniques.


APT40 educational institutions

Installs a pneuma agent on the remote server by exploiting the remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2022-22965) in Spring Framework.
You can use the following command to start up a vulnerable docker instance: "docker run -d -p 8082:8080 --name springrce -it vulfocus/spring-core-rce-2022-03-29"


Spring4Shell

Execute a multi-stage macro-enabled Office document to download a malicious HTA file that will launch stage-2 malware.


APT40 defense industry

Drops an image encoded with an agent to the system, decodes the contents, and starts Schism. This chain is based on a 
steganographic staging methodology in APT 29's Operation Ghost.


Operation Ghost

Insert code into a Python library to emulate a supply chain attack. Whenever someone calls the targeted library a Schism 
agent will be downloaded from Github and loaded directly into memory. When finished, simply add the fact "clean.now" with 
any value to remove the inserted code from the targeted library.


PolarCalm

Use a modified Schism agent for Android to deploy TTPs targeting the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) shell. This first collection 
of Android TTPs enables screen captures, video recording of user action, listing and removal of software packages, creation 
of new users, and device location discovery.


Android ADB Shell

Deploy a script that dynamically resolves various implant modules. Automatically resolve and install an HTTP C2 module.
All tasks sent to the agent will resolve missing modules, install them, and run various Powershell and keyword-based TTPs 
in the current thread.


Jambi Modules

Create a random staging directory. Ingress an encoded agent payload along with a vulnerable Windows Defender binary. 
Copy the on target certutil payload to the directory then decode the agent payload and side-load it by launch the vulnerable 
Windows Defender.


Kaseya VSA Attack

Unhook EDR hooks in ntdll.dll on the target system then ingress an agent configuration file and agent DLL. Store a custom 
key in the registry then install a Netsh helper DLL. The helper DLL uses SysWhispers to perform direct system calls to 
NtCreateThreadEx against the stored registry key entry.


Netsh Helper DLL

Creating a staging directory and ingress a C# script. Copy a binary from system32 to the staging directory and compile 
the ingressed script. Stage an executable configuration file and launch the copied binary to indirectly load and run 
the assembly.


GhostLoader

Defense Evasion Chains

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